What's the state of Canada's housing market?

Latest release Home prices, Apr 2026

Home prices are still falling, but the decline is becoming less severe. The national MLS HPI was down 4.0% year-over-year in April, compared with 4.6% in March. Starts held near 260k on a 3-month average in May, mortgage arrears stayed at 0.28% in April, and affordability improved to 42.3% of household income in Q1.

Plate 01 MLS HPI, national + six CMAs, Y/Y

As of Apr 2026

The national price decline masks a widening split between Toronto-Vancouver and Montreal.

TORONTO 100200300400 Toronto Canada VANCOUVER Vancouver Canada MONTREAL Montreal Canada CALGARY 2015 2020 2025 100200300400 Calgary Canada EDMONTON 2015 2020 2025 Edmonton Canada OTTAWA 2015 2020 2025 Ottawa Canada

CREA MLS HPI national + six-CMA bulk file (April 2026 release). Index, Jan 2005 = 100.

The 4.0% national price drop conceals a sharper split: Toronto and Vancouver are leading the decline while Montreal is pulling the other way. Toronto sits at -6.3% year-over-year and Vancouver at -6.8%, both deeper than the headline, while Montreal prints +3.7% — a ten-point gap between the weakest and strongest major market. Calgary, Ottawa and Edmonton hover near flat. A national index that has been negative for twenty-five straight months is, beneath the surface, two different housing cycles running at once.

Source: CREA MLS HPI national + six-CMA bulk file (April 2026 release).

Plate 02 Housing starts, SAAR

As of May 2026

Starts have bounced back into their recent range, not rolled over.

20172019202120232025100150200250300350k12m avg.Starts

Housing starts came in at 261.4K annualized in May 2026, down from 278.4K in April but still above the 2021-2023 average. The 12-month average sits near 261.3K, essentially in line with that recent-cycle norm. The starts tape is volatile month to month, but the smoother read is stabilization rather than a fresh rollover.

Source: Statistics Canada Table 34-10-0158-01 (housing starts, SAAR).

Plate 03 Sales-to-new-listings ratio, Canada

As of May 2026

Absorption is soft but has not tipped into a buyers' market.

SALES20172019202120232025050100150200 idx12m avg.SalesSALES TO NEW LISTINGSBalanced market (40–60)2017201920212023202520406080100%Ratio

The national sales-to-new-listings ratio sits at 49.2 in May 2026, up from 46.2 in April and inside the 45-to-65 band CREA describes as balanced. The resale index has eased to 85.6, leaving Canada in a soft absorption regime rather than an outright buyers' market. CMA-level 12-month resale counts to October 2025 point in the same direction: Toronto and Vancouver are absorbing the most volume relative to their listings overhang.

Source: Bank of Canada Valet (CREA sales-to-new-listings and resale index); CMA-level 12-month resale counts via BoC Valet.

Plate 04 BoC qualifying mortgage payment to income

As of Q1 2026

Affordability is improving from peak but remains worse than prior stress episodes.

PANDEMIC2000200520102015202020252030405060%

The BoC's qualifying-mortgage-payment-to-income ratio sits at 42.3% in Q1 2026, down from 43.1% in Q4 2025 and 54.5% at the Q3 2023 peak. The improvement traces to lower qualifying rates — the 5-year conventional has settled at 6.09% — partly offset by softer wage growth in the denominator. The index remains well above the 1989-1991 and 2007-2008 stress episodes; the 2022-2024 tightening cycle is still the binding historical anchor.

Source: Bank of Canada Valet (INDINF_AFFORD_Q, housing affordability index, qualifying payment / income).

Plate 05 Mortgage arrears, household debt-service ratio

As of Apr 2026 (arrears) / Q1 2026 (DSR)

Mortgage stress is contained.

MORTGAGE ARREARS 2010 2013 2016 2019 2022 2025 0.10.20.30.40.5% Arrears DEBT-SERVICE RATIO 2010 2013 2016 2019 2022 2025 1213141516% DSR

Realized distress remains contained: the bank mortgage arrears rate sits at 0.28% in April, well within its historical range and far below stress-episode peaks. The aggregate household debt-service ratio at 14.75% has edged up from late 2025 but remains below the 2024 cycle high. Households have absorbed the tightening cycle without breaking; the housing system isn't accelerating into a boom or cracking into a bust.

Source: Canadian Bankers Association mortgage arrears; Statistics Canada Table 11-10-0065-01 (household debt-service ratio).